Approval status and evidence for WHO essential medicines for children in the United States, United Kingdom, and Japan: a cross-sectional study

Table 9 Essential medicines for children unapproved in the US, UK, and Japan without a paediatric dosage form

Name	ATC^a	Therapeutic use	Adult efficacy^b	Paediatric efficacy^b
Paromomycin	A	Leishmaniasis	No evidence	No evidence
Diphtheria antitoxin	J	Diphtheria	Effective	Effective
Amodiaquine	P	Malaria	No evidence	No evidence
Artemether	P	Malaria	Inconclusive	Inconclusive
Artesunate	P	Malaria	Effective	Effective
Artesunate + Mefloquine	P	Malaria	Effective	Effective
Artesunate + Amodiaquine	P	Malaria	Effective	Effective
Benznidazole	P	American trypanosomiasis	Inconclusive	Favours efficacy
Sodium stibogluconate	P	Leishmaniasis	Favours efficacy	No evidence
Nifurtimox	P	African trypanosomiasis	Inconclusive	No evidence
Nifurtimox	P	American trypanosomiasis	Inconclusive	No evidence
Melarsoprol	P	African trypanosomiasis	Favours efficacy	No evidence
Suramin sodium	P	African trypanosomiasis	Favours efficacy	No evidence
Eflornithine	P	African trypanosomiasis	Effective	No evidence
Triclabendazole	P	Infection by Paragonimus	Favours efficacy	Inconclusive
Levamisole	P	Helminth infection	Inconclusive	No evidence
Benzyl benzoate	P	Scabies	No evidence	No evidence

^aAnatomical Therapeutic Chemical (ATC) classification code: A, alimentary tract and metabolism; J, general anti-infectives for systemic use; P, antiparasitic products
^b Adult or paediatric efficacy: Inconclusive, evidence is inconclusive; Favours efficacy, evidence favours efficacy

ISSN: 2052-3211