Table 4 Safety data submitted in herbal products applications with herbal components with documented risks of adverse reactions or toxicity (2009–2020)
Botanical name | Total number of products | Preclinical safety | Clinical safety | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Â | Â | Number of products (%) | Number of products (%) | Â |
Echinacea spp. (E. angustifolia and E. purpurea) | 2 | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | [41] |
Gingko biloba | 2 | 1 (50) | 1 (50) | [42] |
Panax ginseng | 2 | 1 (50) | 1 (50) | |
Valeriana officinalis | 2 | 0 (0) | 2 (100) | |
Atropa belladonna | 1 | 0 (0) | 1 (100) | |
Serenoa repens | 1 | 1 (100) | 1 (100) | |
Myristica fragrans | 1 | 0 (0) | 1 (100) | |
Solanum nigrum | 1 | 1 (50) | 0 (0) | [52] |