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Table 5 Comparison of knowledge score, attitude score and perception score against gender, age, professional experience, education, working setting and designation

From: Knowledge, attitude and perceptions of pharmacists regarding renal dose adjustment among chronic kidney disease patients in Pakistan

 

Knowledge score

p value

Attitude score

p value

Perception score

p value

Mean ± SD

Mean ± SD

Mean ± SD

Gender

      

 Male

21.15 ± 2.18

0.978 a

10.15 ± 1.57

0.058 a

7.03 ± 2.22

0.292 a

 Female

21.41 ± 2.18

9.82 ± 2.19

7.51 ± 1.20

Age

      

 20–30 years

21.08 ± 2.21

0.076 b

9.86 ± 1.93

0.158 b

6.86 ± 2.20

0.009* b

 31–40 years

21.54 ± 2.14

10.32 ± 1.56

7.75 ± 2.03

 41–50 years

2.167 ± 1.37

10.58 ± 1.38

7.74 ± 1.36

Professional experience

      

 Less than 5 years

21.18 ± 2.20

0.923 b

9.91 ± 1.91

0.373 b

6.95 ± 2.23

0.055 b

 5–10 years

21.40 ± 2.03

10.27 ± 1.52

7.56 ± 2.08

 11–15 years

21.28 ± 2.84

10.28 ± 1.81

7.78 ± 1.58

 More than 16 years

21.18 ± 1.94

10.54 ± 1.36

8.18 ± 1.17

Education

      

 B. Pharm

22.60 ± 1.51

0.389 b

10.40 ± 1.67

0.142 b

7.40 ± 1.34

0.073 b

 Pharm D

21.14 ± 2.26

9.87 ± 1.92

7.06 ± 2.14

 Higher degree

21.36 ± 2.01

10.44 ± 1.41

7.38 ± 2.17

 Other professional certificate/BCPS

22.00 ± 0.81

10.50 ± 1.29

9.75 ± 1.89

Working setting

      

 Hospital Pharmacy

21.30 ± 2.02

0.014* b

10.07 ± 1.77

0.734 b

7.06 ± 1.20

 < 0.001* b

 Clinical Pharmacy

21.74 ± 2.30

10.13 ± 2.21

8.47 ± 2.18

 Community Pharmacy

19.75 ± 2.89

9.56 ± 1.63

6.93 ± 2.60

 Retail Pharmacy

20.81 ± 2.32

10.00 ± 1.48

6.31 ± 2.36

Designation

      

 Trainee Pharmacist

20.87 ± 2.43

0.051 b

9.06 ± 2.46

0.012* b

6.42 ± 2.23

0.001* b

 Resident Pharmacist

21.84 ± 1.74

10.48 ± 1.44

8.64 ± 1.68

 Staff Pharmacist

21.18 ± 2.06

10.00 ± 1.74

6.70 ± 2.02

 Assistant Manager Pharmacy

21.31 ± 2.70

10.43 ± 1.67

8.00 ± 2.75

 Manager Pharmacy

21.08 ± 2.04

10.52 ± 1.47

7.04 ± 1.79

 Chief Pharmacist

22.90 ± 1.66

11.00 ± 1.33

8.20 ± 2.82

 Director Pharmacy

19.44 ± 3.92

9.80 ± 1.09

7.20 ± 2.49

  1. a: Independent t test; b: One-way ANOVA; *p value < 0.05 statistically significant