Table 3 Primary and secondary outcomes
Outcome parameter | Instrument | Outcome assessment |
|---|---|---|
Primary outcome | ||
Appropriateness of medication | Medication Appropriateness Index (MAI), adapted | Change in MAI sum score (t2 − t0) |
Secondary outcomes | ||
Appropriateness of medication | Medication Appropriateness Index (MAI), adapted | Change in MAI sum score (t1 − t0) |
Medication underuse | Assessment of Underutilization of Medication Index (AOU) | Change in number of conditions with omitted drugs (t2 − t0; t1 − t0) |
Number of drugs in long-term use | Self-developed | Change in number of long-term drugs (t2 − t0; t1 − t0) |
Exposition towards anticholinergic/sedative drugs | Drug Burden Index (DBI) | Change in DBI (t2 − t0; t1 − t0) |
Implementation of pharmacist-proposed adjustments in prescribed medication | Self-developed | Proportions of proposals (a) implemented, (b) partially implemented, (c) not implemented by physicians |
Medication-related quality of life (PRO) | Seidling et al. [28] | Change in medication-related impairment after grouping response options “no”/“little” and “moderate”/“high”/“very high” into a dichotomous outcome (t3–t0) |
Adherence (PRO) | Self-Rating Scale Item (SRSI), adapted | Change in adherence after grouping response options “very poor”/“poor” and “moderate”/“good”/“very good” into a dichotomous outcome (t3 − t0) |
Symptom burden (PRO) | Self-developed | Change in number of (a) total symptoms, (b) symptoms rated “moderate”/“severe” (t3 − t0) |
Fulfillment of medication review-related goals (PRO) | Self-developed | Proportions of goals fulfilled (a) “not at all”, (b) “partially”, (c) “completely” (at t3) |
Perception of the MR service (PRO) | Self-developed | Distribution of answers on 5-point Likert scale (five items) |