Table 8 Univariate and multivariate model of variables associated with ADR

Demographics

 Age (mean ± SD in years)

1.03 (1.02, 1.04)

< 0.001

–

–

 Sex

      Male

1

–

1

–

      Female

1.28 (0.94, 1.75)

0.117

1.53 (1.06, 2.20)

0.024

Clinical background

 History of drug allergy

      Yes

0.76 (0.29, 2.00)

0.577

–

–

      No

1

–

1

–

 Presence of comorbidity

      Yes

2.26 (1.68, 3.06)

< 0.001

–

–

      No

1

–

1

–

 COVID-19 category

      Patient under investigation

1

–

1

–

      Stage 1

0.25 (0.03, 2.08)

0.202

–

–

      Stage 2

0.67 (0.30, 1.48)

0.319

–

–

      Stage 3

2.45 (1.18, 5.07)

0.016

2.58 (1.20, 5.55)

0.015

      Stage 4

12.11 (5.62, 26.10)

< 0.001

4.17 (1.79, 9.73)

0.001

      Stage 5

6.47 (2.52, 16.60)

< 0.001

–

–

 Number of COVID-19 drug(s)

3.94 (3.20, 4.85)

< 0.001

3.34 (2.51, 4.44)

< 0.001