Table 3 List of drugs that are currently being clinically investigated as potential repositioned treatment for COVID-19 [51]
Drug | Mechanism of action | Original indication |
|---|---|---|
Remdesivir | Viral RNA polymerase inhibitor | Hepatitis C |
Favipiravir | Viral RNA polymerase inhibitor | Influenza |
Hydroxychloroquine | MAPK inhibitor | Malaria |
Lanadelumab | Inhibition of kallikrein | Hereditary angioedema |
Ruxolitinib | JAK1/2 inhibitor | Myelofibrosis |
Tocilizumab and sarilumab | IL-6 inhibitor | Rheumatoid arthritis |
Anakira | IL-1ß-inhibitor | Rheumatoid arthritis |
Lopinavir and ritonavir | Viral protease inhibitors | HIV |
Oseltamivir | Neuraminidase inhibitor | Influenza |
Imatinib | Abl kinase inhibitor | Leukemia |
Cyclosporin A | Calcineurin inhibitor | Various (auto)-immune diseases |
Nafamostat and camostat | TMPRSS2 inhibitor (viral membrane fusion inhibitor) | Anticoagulation |
Enoxaparin and Rivaroxaban | Factor Xa inhibitor | Anticoagulation |
Ravulizumab | Complement (C5) inhibitor | Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria |
Disulfiram | Inhibition of viral proteolysis | Chronic alcoholism |
Ivermectin | Inhibition of viral replication | Onchocerciasis |