Table 1 Baseline characteristics of the trial participants and design features of the cardiovascular outcome trials
Trial | Drug (Class) | Year started/reported | Number of subjects | Age (years) | Baseline HbA1c (%) | BMI | Diabetes duration (years) | Prior CVD/HF (%) | Follow up (median, years) | Primary endpoints |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
EXAMINE | Alogliptin (DPP-4) | 2009/13 | 5380 | 61.0 | 8.0 | 28.7 | 7.1 | 100/28 | 1.5 | 3 MACE |
CARMELINA | Linagliptin (DPP-4) | 2013/18 | 6979 | 66.1 | 8.0 | 31.4 | 15.0 | 58/27 | 2.2 | 3 MACE |
SAVOR-TIMI | Saxagliptin (DPP-4) | 2010/13 | 16,492 | 65.1 | 8.0 | 31.1 | 10.3 | 78/13 | 2.1 | 3 MACE |
TECOS | Sitagliptin (DPP-4) | 2008/15 | 14,671 | 65.4 | 7.2 | 30.2 | 11.6 | 74/18 | 3.0 | 4 MACE |
HARMONY | Albiglutide (GLP-1) | 2015/18 | 9463 | 64.1 | 8.7 | 32.3 | 14.1 | 70/20 | 1.6 | 3 MACE |
EXSCEL | Exenatide (GLP-1) | 2010/17 | 14,752 | 62.0 | 8.0 | 31.8 | 12.0 | 73/16 | 3.2 | 3 MACE |
LEADER | Liraglutide (GLP-1) | 2010/16 | 9340 | 64.3 | 8.7 | 32.5 | 12.8 | 81/18 | 3.8 | 3 MACE |
ELIXA | Lixisenatide (GLP-1) | 2010/15 | 6068 | 60.3 | 7.7 | 30.2 | 9.3 | 100/22 | 2.1 | 4 MACE |
SUSTAIN-6 | Semaglutide (GLP-1) | 2013/16 | 3297 | 64.6 | 8.7 | 32.8 | 13.9 | 60/24 | 2.1 | 3 MACE |
CANVAS | Canagliflozin (SGLT2) | 2009/17 | 10,142 | 63.3 | 8.2 | 32.0 | 13.5 | 66/14 | 3.6 | 3 MACE |
DECLARE–TIMI | Dapagliflozin (SGLT2) | 2013/18 | 17,160 | 63.9 | 8.3 | 32.1 | 11.0 | 41/10 | 4.2 | 3 MACE |
EMPA-REG OUTCOME | Empagliflozin (SGLT2) | 2010/15 | 7028 | 63.1 | 8.1 | 30.7 | 57% > 10 years | 99/10 | 3.1 | 3 MACE |