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Table 4 Multivariable analysis of covariance (MANCOVA)

From: Specialized competency framework for pharmacists in managerial positions in sales and marketing (SCF-PMSM): development, validation, and correlates

 

Beta

P value

Confidence interval

Lower

Upper

Domain 0: pharmaceutical knowledge

Age

0.007

0.929

− 0.148

0.162

Gender (female vs male*)

0.047

0.966

− 2.174

2.269

Year of experience

0.115

0.156

− 0.046

0.276

Number of working hours per day

0.208

0.124

− 0.059

0.475

university graduated as a pharmacist (UL vs other*)

2.336

0.206

− 1.327

5.999

university graduated as a pharmacist (USJ vs other*)

1.040

0.458

− 1.754

3.834

university graduated as a pharmacist (BAU vs other*)

1.826

0.146

− 0.658

4.310

Level of education BS (yes vs no*)

0.722

0.632

− 2.285

3.729

Level of education PhD (yes vs no*)

− 0.724

0.609

− 3.554

2.105

Highest degree (PhD, Masters, MBA vs PharmD, BS*)

0.437

0.703

− 1.856

2.730

Domain 1: professional communication skills

Age

− 0.131

0.580

− 0.606

0.343

Gender (female vs male*)

− 4.381

0.203

− 11.202

2.440

Year of experience

0.261

0.293

− 0.232

0.754

Number of working hours per day

0.645

0.120

− 0.175

1.466

university graduated as a pharmacist (UL vs other*)

1.351

0.810

− 9.896

12.598

university graduated as a pharmacist (USJ vs other*)

− 1.940

0.652

− 10.519

6.640

university graduated as a pharmacist (BAU vs other*)

− 2.210

0.563

− 9.838

5.419

Level of education BS (yes vs no*)

2.392

0.605

− 6.841

11.625

Level of education PhD (yes vs no*)

− 3.461

0.427

− 12.149

5.227

Highest degree (PhD, Masters, MBA vs PharmD, BS*)

− 3.139

0.375

− 10.179

3.901

Domain 2: organization and management skills

Age

− 0.141

0.277

− 0.398

0.117

Gender (female vs male*)

− 4.952

0.010

− 8.649

− 1.255

Year of experience

0.176

0.191

− 0.091

0.443

Number of working hours per day

0.433

0.056

− 0.011

0.878

university graduated as a pharmacist (UL vs other*)

2.785

0.363

− 3.311

8.881

university graduated as a pharmacist (USJ vs other*)

− 0.354

0.879

− 5.004

4.296

university graduated as a pharmacist (BAU vs other*)

− 3.126

0.135

− 7.260

1.009

Level of education BS (yes vs no*)

3.383

0.181

− 1.622

8.387

Level of education PhD (yes vs no*)

− 3.005

0.206

− 7.715

1.704

Highest degree (PhD, Masters, MBA vs PharmD, BS*)

− 2.153

0.262

− 5.969

1.663

Domain 3: professional practice

Age

− 0.075

0.445

− 0.271

0.121

Gender (female vs male*)

− 3.187

0.028

− 6.005

− 0.368

Year of experience

0.027

0.788

− 0.176

0.231

Number of working hours per day

0.498

0.005

0.159

0.837

university graduated as a pharmacist (UL vs other*)

3.215

0.171

− 1.433

7.863

university graduated as a pharmacist (USJ vs other*)

0.513

0.772

− 3.033

4.058

university graduated as a pharmacist (BAU vs other*)

− 1.339

0.398

− 4.491

1.814

Level of education BS (yes vs no*)

5.042

0.011

1.226

8.857

Level of education PhD (yes vs no*)

− 1.658

0.358

− 5.249

1.933

Highest degree (PhD, Masters, MBA vs PharmD, BS*)

− 1.423

0.331

− 4.332

1.487

Domain 4: personal practice

Age

− 0.022

0.522

− 0.089

0.046

Gender (female vs male*)

− 1.006

0.042

− 1.973

− 0.038

Year of experience

0.030

0.399

− 0.040

0.100

Number of working hours per day

0.113

0.058

− 0.004

0.229

university graduated as a pharmacist (UL vs other*)

1.106

0.170

− 0.489

2.702

university graduated as a pharmacist (USJ vs other*)

− 0.402

0.510

− 1.619

0.815

university graduated as a pharmacist (BAU vs other*)

− 0.622

0.254

− 1.704

0.460

Level of education BS (yes vs no*)

1.146

0.085

− 0.164

2.456

Level of education PhD (yes vs no*)

− 0.787

0.206

− 2.019

0.446

Highest degree (PhD, Masters, MBA vs PharmD, BS*)

− 0.164

0.743

− 1.163

0.835

Domain 5: upper management

Age

− 0.220

0.244

− 0.595

0.155

Gender (female vs male*)

− 2.791

0.303

− 8.176

2.595

Year of experience

0.355

0.073

− 0.034

0.744

Number of working hours per day

0.385

0.238

− 0.263

1.033

university graduated as a pharmacist (UL vs other*)

3.493

0.433

− 5.386

12.373

university graduated as a pharmacist (USJ vs other*)

− 2.768

0.415

− 9.542

4.005

university graduated as a pharmacist (BAU vs other*)

− 2.833

0.349

− 8.856

3.190

Level of education BS (yes vs no*)

4.244

0.248

− 3.045

11.534

Level of education PhD (yes vs no*)

− 1.714

0.618

− 8.573

5.146

Highest degree (PhD, Masters, MBA vs PharmD, BS*)

− 1.356

0.626

− 6.914

4.202

Domain 6: preparedness and emergency response

Age

0.011

0.970

− 0.573

0.595

Gender (female vs male*)

− 1.558

0.711

− 9.945

6.830

Year of experience

− 0.299

0.327

− 0.905

0.308

Number of working hours per day

1.062

0.040

0.053

2.071

university graduated as a pharmacist (UL vs other*)

2.235

0.747

− 11.595

16.065

university graduated as a pharmacist (USJ vs other*)

− 7.781

0.145

− 18.331

2.769

university graduated as a pharmacist (BAU vs other*)

1.997

0.671

− 7.383

11.378

Level of education BS (yes vs no*)

10.933

0.059

− 0.421

22.287

Level of education PhD (yes vs no*)

9.078

0.094

− 1.606

19.761

Highest degree (PhD, Masters, MBA vs PharmD, BS*)

0.457

0.916

− 8.200

9.114

  1. In the global model, the independent variable is highest degree. Covariates are: age, gender, year of experience, number of working hours per day, university graduated as a pharmacist and level of education
  2. AUB American University of Beirut, UL Lebanese University, USJ Saint Joseph University of Beirut, BAU Beirut Arab University, LAU Lebanese American University, LIU Lebanese International University
  3. *Reference group