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Table 2 Univariate and multivariate regression analysis for treatment of COVID-19

From: Effectiveness of different treatment regimens on patients with COVID-19, hospitalized in Sanandaj hospitals: a retrospective cohort study

Characteristic category

Univariate analysis OR (95% CI)

*P-value

Multivariate analysis OR (95% CI)

P-value

Days of hospitalization

    

Age group

    

  ≤ 65 years

1 (Ref)

 

1 (Ref)

1(Ref)

  > 65 years

1.12 (0.82–1.53)

0.468

1.12 (0.81–1.53)

0.479

Sex

    

 Female

1 (Ref)

 

Not in model

–

 Male

0.78 (0.57–1.06)

0.121

–

–

Job

    

 Unemployed

1 (Ref)

 

Not in model

–

 Self-employment

1.09 (0.53–2.22)

0.801

–

–

 Retired

1.04 (0.49–2.20)

0.917

–

–

 Housewife

1.52 (0.75–3.06)

0.235

–

–

 Other

1.16 (0.48–2.80)

0.728

–

–

Cardiovascular

0.71 (0.46–1.09)

0.125

Not in model

–

Diabetes

1.37 (0.85–2.21)

0.191

Not in model

–

Kidney disease

1.59 (0.46– 5.48)

0.463

Not in model

–

Hypertension

0.99 (0.65–1.53)

0.991

Not in model

–

Drug regimen

    

 Regim 1

1 (Ref)

 

1 (Ref)

–

 Regim 2

1.92 (1.16–3.17)

0.010

1.92 (1.16–3.16)

0.011

 Regim 3

1.04 (0.50–2.19)

0.900

1.04 (0.50–2.19)

0.897

 Regim 4

1.53 (0.83–2.84)

0.168

1.53 (0.83–2.83)

0.171

 Regim 5

1.26 (0.62–2.59)

0.513

1.25 (0.61–2.56)

0.530

 Regim 6

1.37 (0.81–2.31)

0.235

1.36 (0.81–2.30)

0.240

Outcome

    

Age group

    

  ≤ 65 years

1 (Ref)

 

1 (Ref)

–

  > 65 years

3.61 (2.43–5.38)

 < 0.001

3.06 (2.02– 4.63)

 < 0.001

Sex

    

 Female

1 (Ref)

 

Not in model

–

 Male

0.92 (0.63–1.34)

0.669

–

–

Job

    

 Unemployed

1(Ref)

 

Not in model

–

 Self-employment

0.58 (0.25–1.35)

0.213

–

–

 Retired

1.54 (0.65–3.60)

0.319

–

–

 Housewife

0.69 (0.30–1.57)

0.386

–

–

 Other

0.46 (0.14–1.44)

0.185

–

–

Cardiovascular

3.10 (1.96–4.91)

 < 0.001

2.50 (1.51–4.13)

 < 0.001

Diabetes

1.15 (0.65–2.03)

0.610

Not in model

 

Kidney disease

1.59 (0.46–5.48)

0.463

Not in model

 

Hypertension

1.86 (1.15–3)

0.011

1.32 (0.79–2.22)

0.281

Drug regimen

    

 Regim 1

1 (Ref)

 

1 (Ref)

 

 Regim 2

1.08 (0.5v8.2)

0.805

1.40 (0.71–2.75)

0.321

 Regim 3

1.07 (0.43–2.65)

0.877

1.57 (0.59.415)

0.361

 Regim 4

0.64 (0.28–1.48)

0.303

0.84 (0.34–2.05)

0.712

 Regim 5

1.55 (0.67–3.56)

0.300

2.12 (0.85.5.24)

0.103

 Regim 6

1.12 (0.58–2.13)

0.729

1.40 (0.70–2.82)

0.336

Use a ventilator

    

Age group

    

  ≤ 65 years

1 (Ref)

–

1 (Ref)

–

  > 65 years

3.04(1.54–5.84)

0.001

2.41 (1.20–4.87)

0.013

Sex

    

 Female

1 (Ref)

 

Not in model

–

 Male

0.93 (0.49–1.76)

0.827

–

–

Job

    

 Unemployed

1 (Ref)

-

Not in model

-

 Self-employment

0.80 (0.30–2.10)

0.658

–

–

 Retired

1.51 (0.56–4.02)

0.409

–

–

 Housewife

0.78 (0.30–2.02)

0.617

–

–

 Other

0.76 (0.22–2.62)

0.675

–

–

Cardiovascular

2.21 (1.06–4.57)

0.032

1.68 (0.76–3.73)

0.199

Diabetes

0.36 (0.85–1.52)

0.166

Not in Model

–

Kidney disease

1.52 (0.19–12.19)

0.692

Not in model

–

Hypertension

3.25 (1.64–6.46)

0.001

2.69 (1.30–5.54)

0.007

Drug regimen

    

 Regim 1

1 (Ref)

–

1 (Ref)

–

 Regim 2

0.53 (0.18–1.55)

0.250

0.65 (0.21–2.00)

0.463

 Regim 3

2.16 (0.65–7.15)

0.207

3.20 (0.88–11.55)

0.075

 Regim 4

0.70 (0.19–2.58)

0.594

0.92 (0.23–3.63)

0.916

 Regim 5

1.24 (0.33–4.63)

0.749

1.72 (0.42–6.96)

0.444

 Regim 6

1 (0.36–2.77)

0.990

1.29 (0.44–3.80)

0.634

Hospitalization in the ICU

    

Age group

    

  ≤ 65 years

1 (Ref)

–

1 (Ref)

–

  > 65 years

3.20 (2.06–4.98)

 < 0.001

2.67 (1.67–4.25)

 < 0.001

Sex

    

 Female

1 (Ref)

–

Not in model

–

 Male

0.89 (0.58–1.36)

0.602

–

–

Job

    

 Unemployed

1 (Ref)

–

Not in model

–

 Self-employment

0.45 (0.11–1.79)

0.261

–

–

 Retired

1.32 (0.35–4.96)

0.681

–

–

 Housewife

0.70 (0.19–2.55)

0.597

–

–

 Other

0.51 (0.08–3.24)

0.477

–

–

Cardiovascular

2.43 (1.46–4.02)

0.001

2.17 (1.23–3.82)

0.007

Diabetes

0.58 (0.27–1.25)

0.167

Not in model

–

Kidney disease

1.22 (0.25–5.73)

0.801

Not in model

–

Hypertension

2.12 (1.27–3.54)

0.004

1.72 (0.99–2.98)

0.052

Drug regimen

    

 Regim 1

1 (Ref)

–

1 (Ref)

–

 Regim 2

0.77 (0.37–1.61)

0.49

0.97 (0.44–2.13)

0.950

 Regim 3

1.40 (0.52–3.75)

0.49

2.07 (0.73–5.90)

0.170

 Regim 4

1.54 (0.67–3.49)

0.30

2.15 (0.88–5.22)

0.090

 Regim 5

3.18 (1.34–7.50)

0.001

4.63 (1.80–11.82)

0.001

 Regim 6

1.00 (0.47–2.12)

0.98

1.27 (0.57–2.81)

0.556

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Journal of Pharmaceutical Policy and Practice

ISSN: 2052-3211

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