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Table 2 Number of EMs by therapeutic class, registration status, and proportion (%) produced locally in Kenya, Tanzania and Uganda from 2018 NDRs

From: Bridging the gap? Local production of medicines on the national essential medicine lists of Kenya, Tanzania and Uganda

Therapeutic class

Kenya

Tanzania

Uganda

EMs

n

Registered EMs

n (%)

Local

EMs

n (%)

EMs

n

Registered EMs

n (%)

Local

EMs

n

EMs

n

Registered EMs

n (%)

Local

EMs n (%)

Therapeutic classes common to all three countries and with some locally produced essential medicines

Anaesthetics

14

14 (100)

1 (7)

35

11 (30)

None

24

10 (42)

None

Medicines for pain and palliative care

17

17 (100)

11(61)

23

16 (69)

2 (9)

27

23 (85)

6 (22)

Anti-allergics and medicines used in anaphylaxis

6

6 (100)

3 (50)

6

6 (100)

2 (33)

7

7 (100)

2 (28)

Antiepileptics/anticonvulsants

9

8 (89)

3 (33)

7

6 (86)

None

8

6 (75)

1 (12)

Anti-infective medicines

90

77 (86)

33(37)

99

74 (75)

11(11)

110

82 (74)

24(22)

Anti-migraine medicines

3

3 (100)

1(33)

5

4 (80)

None

9

5 (55)

None

Anti-neoplastic and immunosuppressive medicines

52

38 (73)

2 (4)

43

19 (44)

None

43

19 (44)

1 (2)

Anti-parkinsonism medicines

3

1 (33)

1 (33)

4

1 (25)

None

1

None

None

Medicines affecting the blood

13

6 (46)

2 (15)

13

6 (46)

None

11

5 (45)

1 (9)

Cardiovascular medicines

21

18 (86)

10(48)

38

24 (63)

1 (3)

29

18 (62)

1 (3)

Dermatological medicines (Topical)

20

15 (75)

4 (20)

20

11 (55)

2 (10)

18

10 (55)

3 (17)

Disinfectants and antiseptics

5

3 (60)

2 (40)

5

1 (20)

1 (20)

8

4 (50)

1 (12)

Diuretics

5

4 (80)

None

4

3 (75)

None

4

4 (100)

1 (25)

Gastrointestinal medicines

10

9 (90)

5 (50)

28

13 (46)

1 (3)

18

14 (78)

3 (17)

Hormones, other endocrine medicines and contraceptives

22

15 (68)

2 (9)

31

18 (58)

1 (3)

28

20 (71)

1 (4)

Ophthalmological preparations

18

16 (89)

3 (17)

46

18 (39)

1 (2)

37

18 (49)

3 (8)

Peritoneal and haemodialysis solutions

None

n/a

n/a

None

n/a

n/a

None

n/a

n/a

Medicines for mental and behavioural disorders

20

14 (70)

4 (20)

25

13 (52)

None

26

16 (62)

1 (6)

Medicines acting on the respiratory tract

6

6 (100)

1 (17)

7

4 (57)

1 (14)

8

6 (75)

1 (12)

Solutions correcting water, electrolyte and acid–base disturbances

9

8 (89)

2 (22)

7

5 (71)

None

11

6 (54)

4 (36)

Vitamins and minerals

7

3 (43)

2 (28)

14

2 (14)

1 (7)

10

4 (40)

1 (10)

Therapeutic classes common to all three countries and with no locally produced essential medicines

*Antidotes and other substances used in poisoning

15

2 (13)

None

9

1 (11)

None

17

5 (29)

None

*Blood products of human origin and plasma substitutes

7

4 (57)

None

7

None

None

4

None

None

*Diagnostic agents

2

None

None

2

2 (100)

None

6

None

None

*Immunologicals and vaccines

20

18 (90)

None

17

1 (6)

None

22

7 (32)

None

*Muscle relaxants (peripherally acting) and cholinesterase inhibitors

6

5 (83)

None

1

1 (100)

None

7

4 (57)

None

*Oxytocics and anti-oxytocics

6

5 (89)

None

6

6 (100)

None

4

3 (75)

None

*Ear, nose and throat medicines

7

4 (57)

None

8

3 (37)

None

13

11 (85)

None

Therapeutic classes unique to one or two countries and with no locally produced essential medicines

 Specific medicines for neonatal care (Uganda/Kenya)

5

2 (40)

None

X

X

X

4

3 (75)

None

 Medicines for diseases of joints (Uganda/Kenya)

7

5 (71)

None

X

X

X

4

2 (50)

None

 Nutrition (Uganda/Kenya)

4

1 (25)

None

X

X

X

6

2 (33)

None

 Medicines for other conditions (Kenya)

1

None

None

X

X

X

X

X

X

 Medicines for neurosurgical use (Uganda)

X

X

X

X

X

X

2

None

None

Total NEML medicines

430

327(76)

92(21)

510

269 (53)

24 (5)

526

314 (60)

55(10)

  1. *Asterisk and italics denotes classes that had no local production in any country; n/a not applicable