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Table 1 Keywords framework based on Good Pharmacy Practice standards

From: Longitudinal study of Good Pharmacy Practice roles covered at the annual world pharmacy congresses 2003–2019

Keywords framework based on GPP

Average number of appearances per year

Role 1. Prepare, obtain, store, secure, distribute, administer, dispense and dispose of medical products

 

Function 1A: Prepare extemporaneous medicine preparations and medical products

8

Role characterised by keyword

Keywords including synonyms and related words

Search terms used

 

Compound

Compounding

compound*; extemporaneous

4

(Ensure) quality of medicines

Quality of medicines

quality*

16

Prepare (drug) formulation

(Drug) Formulation

formulat* (ion)

3

Function 1B: Obtain, store and secure medicine preparations and medical products

7

Role characterised by keyword

Keywords including synonyms and related words

Search terms used

 

Ensure access (to medicines)

Access (to medicines)

access*

9

Store medicines properly / ensure proper storage (conditions)

Storage (conditions); stability (of medicines)

stor*; stabili*

1

Procure (medicines)

Procurement (of medicines)

procure*

1

Select (medicines)

Selection (of medicines)

select*

1

Manage shortage (of medicines)

Shortage; stock-out

shortage; stock*

4

Manage controlled substances

Controlled substances; opioid (medicines)

control*; opioid*

1

Prevent substandard and falsified medicines

Substandard and falsified (medicines); substandard (medicines); substandard/spurious/falsely labelled/falsified/counterfeit (medicines); SF (medicines); SSFFC (medicines)

Fake (medicines); adulterated (medicines)

Unlicensed (medicines)

Counterfeit

substandard and falsified; substandard; falsif*; spurious; SF; SSFFC; fake; adulterate*; unlicensed; counterfeit*

10

Ensure medication / patient safety/safety of medicines

(Safeguarding) safety (of medicines); patient safety; reporting (errors)

safe*; safety*; patient safety; report*

29

Function 1C: Distribute medicine preparations and medical products

8

Role characterised by keyword

Keywords including synonyms and related words

Search terms used

 

Supply (medicines)

Supply (of medicines); distribution (of medicines)

supply*; distrib*

12

Supply essential medicines

Essential medicines

essential*

2

Ensure disaster or pandemic (preparedness)

Disaster (response); emergency (response/ preparedness); humanitarian (environment)

disast*; emergency; humanit*

14

Supply new medicines

New medicines (& drugs & therapies)

new*

4

Monitor adverse events and safety issues

Reporting adverse events; pharmacovigilance

report*; vigilan*

8

Function 1D: Administration of medicines, vaccines and other injectable medications

2

Role characterised by keyword

Keywords including synonyms and related words

Search terms used

 

Administer (medicines)

Administration (of medicines)

admin*

2

Immunise / Vaccinate

Immunisation; Vaccination

vaccinat*; immuni*

5

Participate in directly observed therapy (DOT) programmes

Directly observed therapy (DOT) programmes

directly observed therapy (DOT)

0

Manage infectious diseases

Infectious / communicable diseases (management)

infectio*; communicable

3

Function 1E: Dispensing of medical products

2

Role characterised by keyword

Keywords including synonyms and related words

Search terms used

 

Dispense (medical products)

Dispensing (practices)

dispens*

5

Counsel

Counselling

counsel*

3

Document / assure documentation

Documentation (practices)

documentation

1

Evaluate prescription (of medicines)

Prescription (of medicines)

prescription

1

Evaluate electronic prescription (of medicines)

Electronic prescription (of medicines); e-Health

e* -prescription; eHealth; e-Health

1

Perform generic substitution

Generic substitution

generic*

0

Ensure (patient / consumer) confidentiality

Patient data; (patient or consumer) confidentiality

confidential*; data*

4

Function 1F: Dispose of medicine preparations and medical products

3

Role characterised by keyword

Keywords including synonyms and related words

Search terms used

 

Dispose (medicines)

(Medicines) disposal; (medicines) waste (disposal); environmental impact

dispos*; wast*; environment*

6

Monitor inventory

Inventory

inventory

0

Role 2. Provide effective medication therapy management

 

Function 2A: Assess patient health status and needs

2

Role characterised by keyword

Keywords including synonyms and related words

Search terms used

 

Assess health and needs (of patient or consumer)

(Individual) (patient or consumer) assessment (of health and needs)

assess*

1

Use Electronic Patient Health Record (for health assessment)

Electronic Patient Health Record

Electronic Patient Health Record

1

Assess health literacy

(Health) literacy (assessment)

litera*

4

Function 2B: Manage patient medication therapy

8

Role characterised by keyword

Keywords including synonyms and related words

Search terms used

 

Assure rational use (of medicines)

Responsible use of medicines; rational use of medicines; appropriate use of medicines; prudent use of medicines; quality use of medicines; cost-effective use of medicines

responsible use; rational use; appropriate use; prudent use; quality use; cost-effective use*

4

Assure cost-effectiveness (of medicines)

Pharmacoeconomics; pricing (of medicines);

cost of medicines; cost of care

economic*; pric*;

cost*; cost*

14

Observe treatment guidelines

Treatment guidelines; therapeutic guidelines

treatment guid*; therapeutic guid*

1

Select appropriate medication dosage

(Medicine) dosage; individualised therapy; personalised therapy; drug delivery systems;

drug absorption; bioavailability/bioequivalence; pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics (PK/PD)

dosage*; personalised therapy; individualised therapy; (drug) delivery; (drug) absor*; bioavailab*;

*kinetic*

21

Coordinate medication therapy management

Medication/Drug Therapy Management; MTM

* therapy management; MTM

1

Monitor (therapy)

(Therapy) monitoring

monitor* (therapy)

1

Improve adherence

Adherence; compliance

adher*; complian*

17

Ensure continuity of care

Continuity of care;

Transition of care across health-care system;

Transfer (of care);

Transfer (of information);

(Patient) referral (to other health-care professional);

continuity (of care)

transit* (of care)

transfer* (of care)

transfer* (of information)

referral + refer* (context of referring patients)

1

Manage noncommunicable diseases

Noncommunicable diseases (management); NCDs; chronic (diseases management)

non-communicable*; non communicable*; noncommunicable*; NCD*; chronic*

4

Function 2C: Monitor patient progress and outcomes

14

Role characterised by keyword

Keywords including synonyms and related words

Search terms used

 

Monitor outcomes

Outcomes monitoring

outcome

22

Assess drug utilisation

Drug utilisation

utili*

1

Consider patient diagnosis

Patient diagnosis

diagnos*

5

Function 2D: Provide information about medicines and health-related issues

13

Role characterised by keyword

Keywords including synonyms and related words

Search terms used

 

Provide information (medicine / health related)

(Medicine / health) information

info* (medicine / health)

30

Empower (patient or consumer)

(Patient or consumer) empowerment;

Consultation (with patient or consumer)

empower*;

consult*

3

Reduce antimicrobial resistance

Antimicrobial (or antibiotic) resistance

resistan*

6

Role 3: Maintain and improve professional performance

 

Function 3A: Plan and implement continuing professional development strategies to improve current and future performance

15

Role characterised by keyword

Keywords including synonyms and related words

Search terms used

 

Adopt continuing professional development strategies

Continuing education; continuing professional development

educat*; Continuing Professional Development

10

Implement workforce development strategies

Workforce (development)

Human resources (development)

workforce

human resource*

13

Update knowledge and skills about complementary therapies

Complementary therapies; alternative therapies; herbal therapies; traditional Chinese therapies;

Supplements; homeopathy

complementary;

alternative*; herbal*;

Chinese* (therapies); supplement*; homeopath*

10

Update knowledge on new technologies

New technologies; biotechnology; digital technology

technolog*; biotech*; digital*

25

Role 4: Contribute to improve effectiveness of the health-care system and public health

 

Function 4A: Disseminate evaluated information about medicines and various aspects of self-care

5

Role characterised by keyword

Keywords including synonyms and related words

Search terms used

 

Contribute to improved effectiveness of the health system

Health system (strengthening)

health system*

3

Contribute to improved public health

Public health

public health*

10

Improve self-care

Self-care; self care; selfcare

self-care; self care; selfcare

1

Assure evidence-based care

Evidence-based (care)

evidence-based

4

Provide care to patient populations with wide range of age groups

Age population; children; paediatric; elderly (therapy)

age; child*; paediatr; * elderly

9

Provide care to patient populations with wide range of health literacy levels

Health literacy (improve)

litera*

4

Advise on Internet-obtained information

Internet; social media

Internet; social media

4

Function 4B: Engage in preventive care activities and services

2

Role characterised by keyword

Keywords including synonyms and related words

Search terms used

 

Engage in health promotion

Health promotion; (disease) prevention; preventive care

health promot*; preventi*; preventive care

5

Engage in harm reduction

Harm reduction; drug abuse

harm*; abus*

0

Provide smoking cessation

Smoking cessation

smok*

1

Provide point-of-care testing

Point-of-care testing

point-of-care*

1

Provide screening

Screening

screen*

2

Function 4C: Comply with national professional obligations, guidelines and legislations

9

Role characterised by keyword

Keywords including synonyms and related words

Search terms used

 

Comply with the provisions of a national standards of ethics

Code of ethics; ethics; oath

ethic*; ethic*; oath

8

Comply with accreditation standards

Accreditation standards

accredit*

1

Comply with regulation / standards

Regulation; harmonisation; Pharmacopeia

regulat*; harmoni*; harmoni*

19

Function 4D: Advocate and support national policies that promote improved health outcomes

8

Role characterised by keyword

Keywords including synonyms and related words

Search terms used

 

Advocate (for improved health outcomes)

Advocacy

advoca*

4

Support health-care policies

Health-care policies

polic*; policy-makers + policy makers

14

Collaborate with other health-care professionals

Interprofessional collaboration

collaborat*

13

Ensure integrated care

Integrated care

integrated care

1

  1. The explicit wording under respective GPP role was adjusted