Table 3 Summary of the pharmacists’ impact on patients’ economic, clinical and humanistic outcomes
Authors | Economic | Therapeutic | Safety | Humanistic | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
IG vs. CG | BI vs. AI | IG vs. CG | BI vs. AI | IG vs. CG | BI vs. AI | IG vs. CG | BI vs. AI | |
Saeed et al. 2021 | – | – | – | – | – | – | QoL++ | – |
Marasini et al. 2020 | – | – | – |  | – |  | Adherence++ QoL* | Adherence# QoL# |
Chatha et al. 2020 | – |  | CD4 cell count+ | CD4 cell count+ | – |  | Adherence+ | Medication belief# Adherence# |
Ali et al. 2019 | – | – | SVR 12++ ETR* | – | ADE# DDI# | – | Adherence++ QoL* | QoL++ |
Javaid et al. 2019 | – | – | HbA1C++ eABG+ SBP++ DBP++ Cholesterol++ TG++ HDL* LDL-C++ VLDL-C++ Serum creatinine++ eGFR++ | HbA1C++ eABG++ SBP++ DBP++ Cholesterol++ TG++ HDL* LDL-C++ VLDL-C++ Serum creatinine++ eGFR++ | – | – | – | – |
Yadav et al. 2019 | – | – | Level of asthma control++ | Level of asthma control++ | – | – | QoL++ | QoL# Knowledge of MDI use++ |
Gorutla et al. 2019 | – |  | SBP+ DBP+ | SBP# DBP# | – | – | Knowledge++ Attitude++ Practice++ | Knowledge# Attitude# Practice# |
Saleem et al. 2015 | – | – | SBP++ DBP++ | SBP++ DBP++ | – | – | Knowledge++ Adherence++ QoL— | QoL– |
Amer et al. 2018 | – | – | SBP++ DBP++ | SBP++ DBP++ | – | – | Knowledge++ Adherence++ QoL++ | Knowledge++ Adherence++ QoL++ |
Abdulsalim et al. 2018 | – |  | – |  | – |  | Adherence++ | Adherence# |
Cooray et al. 2018 | – | – | HbA1c# SBP# DBP# TC# HDL# TG# LDL* BMI* | HbA1c++ TC++ LDL++ SBP* DBP* BMI++ | – | – | – | – |
Upadhyay et al. 2016 | DHCs++ | DHCs++ | – | – | – | – | – | – |
Upadhyay et al. 2015 | – | – | – | – | – | – | Satisfaction score++ | Satisfaction score++ |
Wal et al. 2013 | – |  | SBP# DBP# | SBP++ DBP++ | – | – | QoL# | QoL++ |
Ramanath et al. 2012 | – | – | BP* | BP# | – | – | Adherence++ QOL++ | Adherence# QOL# |
Malathy et al. 2011 | – | – | PPBG# TGL# TC# HDL# LDL# VLDL# | PPBG++ TGL++ TC* HDL+  LDL* VLDL* | – | – | Knowledge# Attitude# Practice* | Knowledge++ Attitude++ Practice* |
Sriram et al. 2011 | – | – | FBG# HbA1c# | FBG++ HbA1c++ | – | – | QoL# Treatment satisfaction# BMI# | QoL++ Treatment satisfaction++ BMI+ |
Adepu et al. 2010 | – |  | SBP# DBP# CBG# | SBP+ DBP+ CBG++ | – |  | KAP# Adherence# | KAP++ Adherence# |
Adepu et al. 2007 | – | – | BG# | BG# | – | – | QoL# KAP# | QoL# KAP# |
Ponnusankar et al. 2004 | – |  | – |  | – |  | Medication Compliance# Medication knowledge# | Medication knowledge++ |