Table 4 Factors associated with the presence of class D and/or X pDDIs
Variables | pDDIs (D and/or X) | Univariate analysis | Multivariate analysis | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
No. (%) | |||||
OR (95%CI) | p-value | OR (95%CI) | p-value | ||
Gender | |||||
Female | 102 (77.3) | Referent | |||
Male | 138 (82.1) | 1.353 (0.767–2.385) | 0.296 | ||
Age (years) | |||||
< 60 | 147 (80.2) | Referent | |||
≥ 60 | 93 (79.5) | 0.949 (0.532–1.692) | 0.859 | ||
Hospital | |||||
BMCH | 123 (82.0) | Referent | |||
SPH | 117 (78.0) | 0.737 (0.432–1.418) | 0.237 | ||
Residence | |||||
Rural | 117 (83.0) | Referent | |||
Urban | 123 (77.4) | 0.701 (0.394–1.246) | 0.226 | ||
Nationality | |||||
Pakistani | 210 (78.7) | Referent | Referent | ||
Afghan | 30 (90.9) | 2.714 (0.799–9.216) | 0.109 | 2.337 (0.604–9.042) | 0.219 |
Smoking | |||||
Non-smokers | 135 (76.3) | Referent | Referent | ||
Ex-smokers | 21 (87.5) | 2.178 (0.619–1.755) | 0.225 | 2.435 (0.618–9.591) | 0.203 |
Active smokers | 84 (84.8) | 1.742 (0.910–3.335) | 0.094 | 1.757 (0.831–3.714) | 0.14 |
Type of CVD | |||||
STEMI + NSTEMI | 150 (96.2) | Referent | Referent | ||
Others | 90 (62.5) | 0.067 (0.028–0.161) | < 0.001 | 0.053 (0.021–0.132) | < 0.001 |
Comorbidity | |||||
No | 96 (80.0) | Referent | |||
Yes | 144 (80.0) | 1.000 (0.561–1.782) | 1 | ||
Number of comorbidities | |||||
0 | 96 (80.0) | Referent | |||
1 | 78 (81.3) | 1.083 (0.549–2.139) | 0.818 | ||
2 | 51 (77.3) | 0.850 (0.410–1.762) | 0.662 | ||
3 | 15 (83.3) | 1.250 (0.335–4.669) | 0.74 | ||
Hypertension | |||||
No | 145 (78.8) | Referent | |||
Yes | 95 (81.9) | 1.217 (0.674–2.195) | 0.515 | ||
Diabetes mellitus | |||||
No | 177 (79.7) | Referent | |||
Yes | 63 (52.6) | 1.068 (0.557–2.048) | 0.844 | ||
Anemia | |||||
No | 224 (80.6) | Referent | |||
Yes | 16 (72.7) | 0.643 (0.240–1.720) | 0.379 | ||
Other comorbidities | |||||
No | 207 (81.2) | Referent | |||
Yes | 33 (73.3) | 0.638 (0.307–1.325) | 0.228 | ||
Length of hospital stay (days) | |||||
≤ 3 | 120 (81.6) | Referent | |||
04-Jul | 96 (76.2) | 0.720 (0.401–1.293) | 0.271 | ||
> 7 | 24 (88.9) | 1.800 (0.505–6.414) | 0.365 | ||
Number of drugs prescribed | |||||
6–9 | 105 (77.8) | Referent | Referent | ||
10–12 | 90 (78.9) | 1.071 (0.584–1.964) | 0.823 | 1.674 (0.818–3.427) | 0.159 |
> 12 | 45 (88.2) | 2.143 (0.834–5.505) | 0.113 | 4.187 (1.427–12.285) | 0.009 |