|
Variables
|
pDDIs (D and/or X)
|
Univariate analysis
|
Multivariate analysis
|
|---|
|
No. (%)
|
|---|
|
OR (95%CI)
|
p-value
|
OR (95%CI)
|
p-value
|
|---|
|
Gender
| | | | | |
|
Female
|
102 (77.3)
|
Referent
| |
|
Male
|
138 (82.1)
|
1.353 (0.767–2.385)
|
0.296
|
|
Age (years)
| | | | | |
|
< 60
|
147 (80.2)
|
Referent
| |
|
≥ 60
|
93 (79.5)
|
0.949 (0.532–1.692)
|
0.859
|
|
Hospital
| | | | | |
|
BMCH
|
123 (82.0)
|
Referent
| |
|
SPH
|
117 (78.0)
|
0.737 (0.432–1.418)
|
0.237
|
|
Residence
| | | | | |
|
Rural
|
117 (83.0)
|
Referent
| |
|
Urban
|
123 (77.4)
|
0.701 (0.394–1.246)
|
0.226
|
|
Nationality
| | | | | |
|
Pakistani
|
210 (78.7)
|
Referent
| |
Referent
| |
|
Afghan
|
30 (90.9)
|
2.714 (0.799–9.216)
|
0.109
|
2.337 (0.604–9.042)
|
0.219
|
|
Smoking
| | | | | |
|
Non-smokers
|
135 (76.3)
|
Referent
| |
Referent
| |
|
Ex-smokers
|
21 (87.5)
|
2.178 (0.619–1.755)
|
0.225
|
2.435 (0.618–9.591)
|
0.203
|
|
Active smokers
|
84 (84.8)
|
1.742 (0.910–3.335)
|
0.094
|
1.757 (0.831–3.714)
|
0.14
|
|
Type of CVD
| | | | | |
|
STEMI + NSTEMI
|
150 (96.2)
|
Referent
| |
Referent
| |
|
Others
|
90 (62.5)
|
0.067 (0.028–0.161)
|
< 0.001
|
0.053 (0.021–0.132)
|
< 0.001
|
|
Comorbidity
| | | | | |
|
No
|
96 (80.0)
|
Referent
| |
|
Yes
|
144 (80.0)
|
1.000 (0.561–1.782)
|
1
|
|
Number of comorbidities
| | | | | |
|
0
|
96 (80.0)
|
Referent
| |
|
1
|
78 (81.3)
|
1.083 (0.549–2.139)
|
0.818
|
|
2
|
51 (77.3)
|
0.850 (0.410–1.762)
|
0.662
|
|
3
|
15 (83.3)
|
1.250 (0.335–4.669)
|
0.74
|
|
Hypertension
| | | | | |
|
No
|
145 (78.8)
|
Referent
| |
|
Yes
|
95 (81.9)
|
1.217 (0.674–2.195)
|
0.515
|
|
Diabetes mellitus
| | | | | |
|
No
|
177 (79.7)
|
Referent
| |
|
Yes
|
63 (52.6)
|
1.068 (0.557–2.048)
|
0.844
|
|
Anemia
| | | | | |
|
No
|
224 (80.6)
|
Referent
| |
|
Yes
|
16 (72.7)
|
0.643 (0.240–1.720)
|
0.379
|
|
Other comorbidities
| | | | | |
|
No
|
207 (81.2)
|
Referent
| |
|
Yes
|
33 (73.3)
|
0.638 (0.307–1.325)
|
0.228
|
|
Length of hospital stay (days)
| | | | | |
|
≤ 3
|
120 (81.6)
|
Referent
| |
|
04-Jul
|
96 (76.2)
|
0.720 (0.401–1.293)
|
0.271
|
|
> 7
|
24 (88.9)
|
1.800 (0.505–6.414)
|
0.365
|
|
Number of drugs prescribed
| | | | | |
|
6–9
|
105 (77.8)
|
Referent
| |
Referent
| |
|
10–12
|
90 (78.9)
|
1.071 (0.584–1.964)
|
0.823
|
1.674 (0.818–3.427)
|
0.159
|
|
> 12
|
45 (88.2)
|
2.143 (0.834–5.505)
|
0.113
|
4.187 (1.427–12.285)
|
0.009
|
- CI confidence interval; CVD cardiovascular disease; NSTEMI non-ST elevated myocardial infarction, pDDI potential drug–drug interaction; OR odds ratio; STEMI ST-elevated myocardial infarction
