Table 2 Availability of essential medicine (OB and LPGs) based on WHO/HAI methodology
Drugs (names, strengths and units) | Availability of essential medicines | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Originator brand (n = 60) | Lowest price generics (n = 60) | |||||||||||||
Public facilities (%) | Total (n = (28) | Private facilities (%) | Total (n = 32) | Overall (N = 60) | Public facilities (%) | Total (n = 28) | Private facilities (%) | Total (n = 32) | Overall (N = 60) | |||||
Hospital (n = 9) | HC (n = 19) | Pharmacy (n = 20) | DS (n = 12) | Hospital (n = 9) | HC (n = 19) | Pharmacy (n = 20) | DS (n = 12) | |||||||
Salbutamol 0.1Â mg/dose | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 3 | 3 (5.0) | 8 | 7 | 15 | 19 | 4 | 23 | 38 (63.3) |
Metformin 500Â mg tab | 0 | 1 | 1 | 4 | 0 | 4 | 5 (8.3) | 8 | 14 | 22 | 18 | 10 | 28 | 50 (83.3) |
Bisoprolol 5Â mg/tab | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 (1.7) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 (1.7) |
Captopril 25Â mg tab | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 (1.7) | 5 | 2 | 7 | 3 | 0 | 3 | 10 (16.7) |
Simvastatin 20Â mg tab/cap | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 6 | 1 | 7 | 7 (11.7) |
Amitriptyline 25Â mg tab/cap | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 4 | 7 | 13 | 9 | 22 | 29 (48.3) |
Cipro 500Â mg tab/cap | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 (1.7) | 8 | 12 | 20 | 19 | 11 | 30 | 50 (83.3) |
Cotri-mox 240/5 susp | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 9 | 12 | 19 | 12 | 31 | 43 (71.7) |
Amox 500Â mg cap/tab | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 8 | 18 | 26 | 19 | 11 | 30 | 56 (93.3) |
Ceftriaxone 1Â g vial | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 5 | 17 | 22 | 19 | 12 | 31 | 53 (88.3) |
Diazepam 5Â mg tab/cap | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 (1.7) | 7 | 8 | 15 | 4 | 1 | 5 | 20 (33.3) |
Diclofenac 50Â mg tab/cap | 0 | 0 | 0 | 4 | 1 | 5 | 5 (8.3) | 6 | 14 | 20 | 18 | 10 | 28 | 48 (80.0) |
Paracetamol 24Â mg/ml susp | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 2 (3.3) | 2 | 5 | 7 | 15 | 10 | 25 | 32 (53.3) |
Omeprazole 20Â mg tab/cap | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 (1.7) | 7 | 15 | 22 | 20 | 12 | 32 | 54 (90.0) |
Glibenclamide 5Â mg tab/cap | 0 | 0 | 0 | 13 | 6 | 19 | 19 (31.7) | 9 | 13 | 22 | 14 | 3 | 17 | 39 (65.0 |
Atenolol 50Â mg tab/cap | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 5 | 3 | 8 | 18 | 5 | 23 | 31 (51.7) |
Hyoscine BB 10Â mg tab | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 8 | 14 | 22 | 16 | 6 | 22 | 44 (73.3 |
Metoclopramide HCl 10Â mg tab | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 (1.7) | 8 | 12 | 20 | 16 | 8 | 24 | 44 (73.3) |
Bisacodyl 5Â mg tab | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 6 | 9 | 15 | 13 | 9 | 22 | 37 (61.7) |
ORS sack (1 L) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 2 (3.3) | 6 | 12 | 18 | 19 | 10 | 29 | 47 (78.3) |
Loperamide 2Â mg cap | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 1 | 3 | 3 (5.0) |
Amiodarone 200Â mg tab | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 (1.7) |
Furosemide 40Â mg tab | 0 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 3 | 4 (6.7) | 8 | 10 | 18 | 19 | 9 | 28 | 46 (76.7) |
Adrenaline 1Â mg/ml inj | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 7 | 11 | 18 | 4 | 0 | 4 | 22 (36.7) |
Paracetamol 500Â mg tab | 0 | 1 | 1 | 10 | 6 | 16 | 17 (28.3) | 7 | 13 | 20 | 19 | 7 | 26 | 46 (76.7) |
ASA 300Â mg tab | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 6 | 6 | 12 | 9 | 3 | 12 | 24 (40.0) |
ASA 100Â mg tab | 0 | 0 | 0 | 7 | 1 | 8 | 8 (13.3) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 3 | 5 | 5 (8.3) |
Ibuprofen 400Â mg tab | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 3 (5.0) | 5 | 12 | 17 | 18 | 9 | 27 | 44 (73.3) |
Fluoxetine 20Â mg cap | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 6 | 4 | 10 | 7 | 1 | 8 | 18 (30.0) |
Valproate 200Â mg tab | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 3 | 3 (5.0) | 4 | 1 | 5 | 5 | 0 | 5 | 10 (16.7) |
Risperidone 1Â mg tab | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 5 | 1 | 6 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 7 (11.7) |
Haloperidol 5 (0.5) mg tab | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 5 | 1 | 6 | 4 | 0 | 4 | 10 (16.67) |
Carbamazepine 200Â mg tab | 5 | 2 | 7 | 9 | 3 | 12 | 19 (31.7) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 2 (3.3) |
Allopurinol 100Â mg tab | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 2 | 4 | 4 | 0 | 4 | 8 (13.3) |
Amox 250Â mg cap | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 8 | 15 | 23 | 12 | 7 | 19 | 42 (70) |
Ampicillin 500Â mg inj | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 (1.7) | 6 | 5 | 11 | 11 | 5 | 16 | 27 (45.0) |
Cloxa 500Â mg cap/tab | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 5 | 10 | 15 | 11 | 7 | 18 | 33 (55.0) |
Beza Pen G 2.4 MIU | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 5 | 8 | 4 | 0 | 4 | 12 (20.0) |
Azithromycin 250Â mg cap | 1 | 3 | 4 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 6 (10.0) | 1 | 2 | 3 | 8 | 4 | 12 | 15 (25.0) |
Ceftazidime 1Â g inj | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 6 | 2 | 8 | 10 (16.7) |
Doxycycline 100Â mg cap | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 9 | 16 | 25 | 19 | 9 | 28 | 53 (88.3) |
Metronidazole 250Â mg caps | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 (1.7) | 7 | 15 | 22 | 20 | 8 | 28 | 50 (83.3) |
Cotri-mox 480Â mg tabs | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 12 | 14 | 16 | 5 | 21 | 35 (58.3) |
Fluconazole 200Â mg tab | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 5 | 3 | 8 | 9 | 3 | 12 | 20 (33.3) |
Clindamycin 150Â mg | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 4 (6.7) |
Hydrocortisone (50Â mg/ml) inj | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 6 | 4 | 10 | 14 | 7 | 21 | 31 (51.7) |
PTU 50Â mg tab | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 5 | 0 | 5 | 3 | 1 | 4 | 9 (15.0) |
Fefol 200 mg + 0.5 mg cap | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 (1.7) | 5 | 4 | 9 | 15 | 6 | 21 | 30 (50.0) |
TTC 1% ointment | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 2 (3.3) | 4 | 10 | 14 | 13 | 7 | 20 | 34 (56.7) |
Albendazole 200Â mg tab | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 (1.7) | 2 | 6 | 8 | 10 | 7 | 17 | 25 (41.7) |
Total | 8 | 12 | 20 | 61 | 27 | 88 | 108 | 239 | 356 | 595 | 557 | 257 | 814 | 1409 |
Maximum expected | 450 | 950 | 1400 | 1000 | 600 | 1600 | 3000 | 450 | 950 | 1400 | 1000 | 600 | 1600 | 3000 |
Overall average % (pooled) | 1.78 | 1.26 | 1.43 | 6.10 | 4.50 | 5.50 | 3.60 | 53.11 | 37.47 | 42.50 | 55.70 | 42.83 | 50.88 | 46.97 |