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Table 3 Determinants of knowledge and perception of self-medication practice among respondents (n = 866)

From: Prevalence, knowledge and perception of self-medication practice among undergraduate healthcare students

Variables

Knowledge on self-medication

Unadjusted odds ratio

Adjusted odds ratio

Good (%)

Poor (%)

OR (95% CI)

p-value

OR (95% CI)

p-value

Gender

 Male

214 (51.1)

205 (48.9)

1

0.015*

 

0.020*

 Female

265 (59.3)

182 (40.7)

1.395 (1.066–1.825)

1.431 (1.059–1.935)

Age-group (years)

 ≤ 20 ref

223 (55.1)

182 (44.9)

1

0.890

 

0.642

 > 20

256 (55.5)

205 (44.5)

1.019 (0.779–1.333)

0.909 (0.607–1.361)

Department

 Nursing ref

97 (62.6)

58 (37.4)

1

   

 Pharmacy

135 (49.1)

140 (50.9)

0.577 (0.386–0.862)

0.007*

0.621 (0.401–0.961)

0.033*

 Medicine and surgery

247 (56.7)

189 (43.3)

0.781 (0.536–1.139)

0.199

1.046 (0.685–1.598)

0.834

Year of study

 Year 1

69 (55.2)

56 (44.8)

1

 

1

 

 Year 2

72 (55.8)

57 (44.2)

1.025 (0.625–1.682)

0.922

0.989 (0.593–1.650)

0.966

 Year 3

93 (49.7)

94 (50.3)

0.803 (0.510–1.265)

0.344

0.781 (0.488–1.251)

0.304

 Year 4

117 (62.6)

70 (37.4)

1.357 (0.856–2.150)

0.194

1.624 (0.950–2.775)

0.076

 Year 5

103 (56.0)

81 (44.0)

1.032 (0.653–1.630)

0.892

1.244 (0.692–2.236)

0.466

 Year 6

25 (46.3)

29 (53.7)

0.274 (0.700–1.328)

0.274

0.691 (0.321–1.485)

0.344

 

Perception on self-medication

Unadjusted odds ratio

Adjusted odds ratio

Good (%)

Poor (%)

OR (95% CI)

p-value

OR (95% CI)

p-value

Gender

 Male

282 (67.3)

137 (32.7)

1

0.935

 

0.780

 Female

302 (67.6)

145 (32.4)

1.012 (0.761–1.345)

0.956 (0.697–1.312)

Age-group (years)

 ≤ 20 ref

278 (68.6)

127 (31.4)

1

0.478

 

0.232

 > 20

306 (66.4)

155 (33.6)

0.902 (0.678–1.200)

0.772 (0.506–1.179)

Department

 Nursing ref

111(71.6)

44 (28.4)

1

   

 Pharmacy

165 (60.0)

110 (40.0)

0.595 (0.389–0.909)

0.016*

0.577 (0.365–0.913)

0.019*

 Medicine and surgery

308 (70.6)

128 (29.4)

0.954 (0.636–1.431)

0.819

0.958(0.611–1.500)

0.850

Year of study

 Year 1

88 (70.4)

37 (29.6)

1

 

1

 

 Year 2

88 (68.2)

41(31.8)

0.902 (0.529–1.539)

0.706

0.829 (0.480–1.433)

0.502

 Year 3

120 (64.2)

67 (35.8)

0.753 (0.463–1.225)

0.253

0.740 (0.449–1.220)

0.238

 Year 4

131(70.1)

56 (29.9)

0.984 (0.599–1.614)

0.948

1.226 (0.694–2.165)

0.483

 Year 5

115 (62.5)

69 (37.5)

0.701 (0.431–1.140)

0.152

0.895 (0.484–1.656)

0.725

 Year 6

12 (22.2)

42 (77.8)

1.472 (0.697–3.108)

0.311

1.582 (0.669–3.742)

0.297

  1. *Statistically significant (p < 0.05) CI confidence interval