Skip to main content

Table 5 Univariate and multivariate analysis of factors associated with COVID-19 awareness score

From: Identification of the awareness level by the public of Arab countries toward COVID-19: cross-sectional study following an outbreak

Factors

COVID-19 awareness score

Univariate

Multivariate

OR

95% CI

p value

OR

95% CI

p value

Male

1.073

0.941

1.224

0.292

-------

-------

-------

-------

Age

1.018

1.013

1.023

< 0.001

1.019

1.012

1.026

< 0.001

Health status

1.006

0.988

1.025

0.056

-------

-------

-------

-------

Same nationality as country of residence

0.906

0.818

1.004

0.059

-------

-------

-------

-------

Awareness campaign

1.327

1.192

1.477

< 0.001

1.212

1.081

1.358

0.001

Education (Ref. primary school/elementary)

 Secondary school

1.828

1.169

2.860

0.008

1.740

1.096

2.763

0.019

 Diploma

2.578

1.623

4.094

< 0.001

2.090

1.297

3.368

0.002

 University degree

2.328

1.516

3.575

< 0.001

1.969

1.265

3.066

0.003

 Post-graduate degree

2.728

1.756

4.240

< 0.001

2.206

1.393

3.493

0.001

Country of residence (Ref. Jordan)

 Palestine

0.830

0.645

1.069

0.149

-------

-------

-------

-------

 Qatar

1.041

0.871

1.245

0.656

-------

-------

-------

-------

 UAE

0.975

0.853

1.115

0.716

-------

-------

-------

-------

 KSA

0.807

0.697

0.933

0.004

0.751

0.617

0.913

0.004

 Egypt

0.846

0.582

1.231

0.382

-------

-------

-------

-------

 Other

0.986

0.753

1.291

0.916

-------

-------

-------

-------

Employment (Ref. student)

 Unemployed

1.352

1.162

1.573

< 0.001

-------

-------

-------

-------

 Employee in health sector

1.749

1.485

2.060

< 0.001

1.259

1.025

1.547

0.028

 Employee in non-health sector

1.198

1.037

1.384

0.014

-------

-------

-------

-------

  1. p values less than 0.05 were considered statistically significant, “---” not included in the multivariate logistic regression model
  2. OR Odds ratio, CI Confidence interval