Table 4 Rationing strategies by healthcare providers in four public and four private hospitals in a province in Indonesia using Maybin and Klein’s six categories
Rationing strategy | Â | GH1 | GH2 | GH3 | GH4 | PH1 | PH2 | PH3 | PH4 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Not giving medicines (denial) | D | ─ | √ | √ | ─ | √ | √ | ─ | √ |
P | √ | √ | ─ | √ | √ | √ | √ | √ | |
|  | N | ─ | ─ | ─ | ─ | ─ | ─ | ─ | ─ |
Select patients who will receive medicines (selection) | D | √ | ─ | ─ | ─ | ─ | ─ | ─ | ─ |
P | √ | ─ | ─ | ─ | ─ | √ | ─ | √ | |
N | ─ | ─ | ─ | ─ | ─ | ─ | ─ | ─ | |
Encourage patients to purchase uncovered medicines (deterrence) | D | √ | √ | √ | ─ | ─ | √ | ─ | √ |
P | √ | ─ | ─ | √ | ─ | √ | √ | √ | |
N | ─ | ─ | ─ | ─ | ─ | √ | ─ | √ | |
Refer patients to other health care facilities (deflection) | D | √ | ─ | ─ | ─ | ─ | ─ | ─ | ─ |
P | ─ | ─ | ─ | ─ | ─ | ─ | ─ | ─ | |
N | ─ | ─ | ─ | ─ | ─ | ─ | ─ | ─ | |
Replace with other medicines which less effective or less safe/reduce the amount of medicines (dilution) | D | ─ | √ | √ | √ | ─ | √ | √ | √ |
P | √ | √ | √ | √ | √ | √ | √ | √ | |
N | ─ | ─ | ─ | ─ | ─ | ─ | ─ | ─ | |
Applied waiting list to obtain medicines (delay) | D | ─ | ─ | ─ | ─ | ─ | ─ | ─ | ─ |
P | ─ | ─ | ─ | ─ | ─ | ─ | ─ | ─ | |
N | ─ | ─ | ─ | ─ | ─ | ─ | ─ | ─ |