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Table 4 Effects of pharmacist-led interventions on asthma, CVD, and diabetes risk factors

From: The impact of clinical services provided by community pharmacies on the Australian healthcare system: a review of the literature

Determinant

Effect

Reference

Asthma control

+ 8% to + 12%

[49]

Asthma severity score

−0.3 (p < 0.002)

[49]

Systolic blood pressure

−6.32 mmHg (95% CI –8.8 to − 3.83; p < 0.001)

[50]

Diastolic blood pressure

−3.12 mmHg (95% CI –4.57 to − 1.67; p < 0.001)

[50]

HbA1c level

−0.75% (95% CI -1.41 to − 0.09; p = 0.03)

[50]

Blood glucose level

−7 to − 15 mg/dL

[50]

Total cholesterol level

−15 to − 37 mg/dL

[50]

Triglyceride level

−50.5 mg/dL

[50]

  1. Abbreviations: CI confidence interval, HbA1c glycated haemoglobin