Intervention type | Cost savings |
---|---|
1. Avoidance of serious ADRs | Benefits paid by PMDA to sufferers of ADRs in 2013: USD $20,583,890 Number of incidents: 959 |
Average amount: $21,464 i.e., $21,400/case | |
2. Transvenous antimicrobial therapy interventions | $272.37/patient/day × 7 daysa = $1906.59/patient, i.e., $1900/patient |
3. Switch from intravenous to oral administration | Difference in cost between intravenous and oral administration per day × days of oral administration |
4. Interventions concerning cancer chemotherapy 5. Avoidance of drug interactions 6. Renal dosing recommendations 7. Intravenous drug compatibility 8. Confirmation of medication history (presurgical cessation of antiplatelet drugs) 9. Drug therapy consultation or recommendations | Likelihood that a general intervention leads to preventing an ADR ranges from 2.6 to 5.21 % Most risky drug therapy: cancer chemotherapy $21,464 × 5.21 % = $1118.27, i.e., $1120/case Intermediate risky drug therapy: high-risk drugs defined by JSHP $21,464 × 3.91 % = $839.24, i.e., $840/case Normal drug therapy: others $21,464 × 2.60 % = $558.06, i.e., $560/case |
10. Monitoring recommendations 11. Ward rounds, multidisciplinary teamwork 12. Drug information 13. ADRs reported to PMDA | These types are not directly reflected in the cost estimation, i.e., $0 |