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Table 6 Predictors of good attitude among the respondents with multivariable and univariable regression

From: Assessment of public knowledge and attitude toward antibiotics use and resistance: a community pharmacy-based survey

Sociodemographic

Multivariable

Univariable

OR

95% CI

p value

OR

p value

Lower

Upper

Community pharmacy

      

 Kubwa (Reference)

   

< .001*

 

< .001*

 Utako

4.318

2.404

7.757

< .001*

2.915

< .001*

 Yaba

5.478

3.449

8.700

< .001*

6.609

< .001*

 Lekki

4.776

2.479

9.201

< .001*

11.327

< .001*

 Ajegunle

2.006

.900

4.472

.089

1.340

0.314

Sex

      

 Male (Reference)

      

 Female

1.557

1.120

2.166

.008*

1.493

0.002*

Age (yrs.)

      

 18–24 (Reference)

   

.697

 

0.014*

 25–34

1.349

.829

2.194

.228

1.490

0.028*

 35–44

1.383

.781

2.452

.266

1.318

0.158

 45–54

1.730

.845

3.541

.134

1.710

0.028*

 55–64

1.809

.637

5.139

.266

1.298

0.451

 Above 64

2.362

.519

10.759

.266

5.450

0.001*

Education status

      

 No formal education (Reference)

   

< .001

 

< .001*

 Primary

.117

.008

1.776

.122

0.417

0.360

 Secondary

.820

.141

4.774

.825

2.575

0.139

 Tertiary

2.067

.362

11.798

.414

10.169

< .001*

Marital Status

      

 Single (Reference)

   

.136

 

0.060

 Married

.818

.540

1.239

.343

0.862

0.265

 Divorced/Separated

.293

.104

.826

.020*

0.347

0.009*

 Widowed

.902

.265

3.070

.869

0.960

0.920

Occupation

      

 Unemployed (Reference)

   

.006

 

< .001*

 Self employed

.959

.549

1.677

.884

1.300

0.219

 Government Employed

1.094

.578

2.067

.783

1.557

0.063

 Private Employed

1.979

1.126

3.478

.018*

4.447

< .001*

 Retired

1.331

.344

5.145

.678

3.032

0.007*

Residence

      

 Rural

      

 Urban

2.574

1.673

3.961

< .001*

4.290

< .001*

Religion

      

 Christianity (Reference)

   

.329

 

< .001

 Islam

.768

.475

1.242

.282

0.523

< .001*

 Others

.610

.262

1.423

.253

0.260

< .001*

Ethnic Affiliation (N = 953)

      

 Yoruba (Reference)

   

.189

 

< .001*

 Igbo

.999

.657

1.517

.995

0.792

0.145

 Hausa

.450

.211

.958

.038*

0.185

< .001*

 Others

1.067

.675

1.687

.782

0.739

0.080

Last time antibiotic was used (N = 964)

      

 Last month (Reference)

   

.807

 

0.092

 Last 3 months

.936

.590

1.484

.778

1.136

0.495

 Last 6 months

.929

.573

1.507

.765

1.170

0.409

 > 1 year

1.192

.690

2.058

.529

1.777

0.006*

 Can't remember

1.245

.695

2.230

.462

1.088

0.677

Last place antibiotic was retrieved (N = 959)

      

 Pharmacy (Reference)

   

.428

 

< .001*

 Patent medicine store/Chemist

.695

.389

1.240

.218

0.263

< .001*

 Friend or family member

.603

.236

1.542

.291

0.287

< .001*

 Can't remember

.734

.351

1.533

.410

0.331

< .001*

Health professional recommendation

      

 Yes (Reference)

   

< .001

 

< .001*

 No

.547

.351

.853

.008*

0.360

< .001*

 Can't remember

.311

.165

.584

< .001*

0.182

< .001*

  1. *Significant at p < 0.05
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Journal of Pharmaceutical Policy and Practice

ISSN: 2052-3211

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