Table 11 The barriers to implement PV and ADR reporting vs sociodemographic characteristics
Demographic characteristics | Median knowledge score (IQR) | p-value |
|---|---|---|
Gender | ||
 Female | 27 (23–29) | 0.447a |
 Male | 26 (23–29) | |
Age | ||
 20–29 | 26 (23–29) | 0.192b |
 30–39 | 27 (24–29) | |
 40–49 | 26 (21.5–29) | |
 ≥ 50 | 23.5 (21–27.5) | |
Nationality | ||
 Emirati | 29 (27.25–30.75) | 0.170b |
 Non-Emirati: |  | |
  - Middle East (Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, Bahrain, Oman, Jordan, Syria, Palestine, Lebanon, Iraq, Iran, Yemen) | 26 (23–28.5) | |
  - Asia (India, Pakistan, Philippines, Bangladesh) | 26 (23–29) | |
  - Africa (Moroccan, Tunisia, Libya, Algeria, Egypt, Sudan, Nigeria, Somalia) | 27 (23.25–29) | |
  - America and North America (USA, Canada)c | – | |
  - Europe (UK, Cyprus)c | – | |
Qualification | ||
 Diploma in Pharmacy | 24 (21.5–29.75) | 0.199b |
 Bachelor in Pharmacy | 27 (23–30) | |
 PharmD | 26 (23–28) | |
 Master in Pharmacy | 26 (24–28) | |
 PhD | 22 (20.5–25) | |
Country of graduation | ||
 UAE | 26 (23–28.75) | 0.501b |
 Other countries: |  | |
  - Middle East (Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, Oman, Jordan, Syria, Lebanon, Iraq, Iran) | 26 (23.5–28.5) | |
  - Asia (India, Pakistan, Philippines, Bangladesh) | 26 (23–29) | |
  - Africa (Libya, Algeria, Egypt, Sudan, Somalia) | 27 (25–29) | |
  - America and North America (USA, Canada) | 29 (26.5–30) | |
  - Europe (UK, Cyprus)c | – | |
Current position | ||
 Pharmacist technicianc | – |  < 0.001b,* |
 Pharmacist | 27 (23–29) | |
 Clinical pharmacist | 25 (22–27) | |
 Pharmacist in charge | 27 (24–30) | |
 Inpatient pharmacist | 25 (23–27) | |
 Outpatient pharmacist | 29 (25–31) | |
 Pharmacy manager | 24 (20–25) | |
Years of experiences | ||
 < 5 | 27 (23.25–29) | 0.008b |
 5–9 | 26 (24–29) | |
 10–14 | 25.5 (22.75–27) | |
 ≥ 15 | 23 (18–26.5) | |
Type of setting (hospitals) | ||
 Semi-governmental hospitals | 28 (26–29) | 0.193b |
 Private non-teaching hospitals | 26 (23–29) | |
 Private teaching hospitals | 25 (23–27) | |
 Governmental hospitals | 26 (22–29) | |
Name of the emirates | ||
 Abu Dhabi | 25 (22–28) |  < 0.001b,* |
 Dubai | 26 (23–28) | |
 Northern Emirates (Sharjah, Ajman, Ras Al Khaimah, Umm Al Quwain, Fujairah) | 28 (26–30) | |